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浙江兰溪展出传承近900年棉毯 展现宋代纺织业水平******
中新网金华1月18日电 (张斌 董易鑫 陈志恒 朱彦轩)1966年8月，在当时的浙江省金华市兰溪县(现为兰溪市)香溪公社密山大队，人们发现了一座南宋墓葬，墓中出土一条棉毯——这是国内迄今为止发现最早、最完整的惟一一条南宋棉毯，距今已有近900年，现为国家一级文物。
1月18日，在“寻宋·一张南宋棉毯的故事”特展上，兰溪市博物馆相关负责人介绍，上述棉毯名为密山棉毯，长2.51米、宽1.16米，缝制了由81枚开元通宝和北宋钱币排列组成的6个互相连接的方胜纹图案。这条棉毯的出土有力证实了南宋时期，婺州(金华)一带特别是兰溪的棉纺织业达到很高的工艺水平，并改写了元代黄道婆带回棉纺织技术的历史，将棉纺织史向前推进了约100年。
据介绍，由于墓葬发现时间早，当地对于文物的保存条件不足，出土的棉毯及其他文物一直保存于浙江省博物馆。时隔56年，密山棉毯终于回到“家乡”兰溪，并在兰溪市博物馆展出。
“寻宋·一张南宋棉毯的故事”特展分为“他是谁”“何以不朽”“他们的日常”“棉毯之谜”四个篇章，共呈现62件(套)文物。特展将持续到今年3月。
特展开幕式上，兰溪市委书记戴翀表示，千年宋韵今犹在，一张棉毯照古今。透过密山棉毯，不仅可以一探八婺大地棉花种植史、棉纺织史，也可以串联起兰溪的水运交通史、商贸史及民俗风情史。
据兰溪市人民政府官网介绍，该市位于金华市西部，钱塘江中游，金衢盆地北部边缘。当地自古有“三江之汇”“六水之腰”“七省通衢”之称。
纺织业一直是当地传统优势主导和重要支柱产业。目前当地已形成较为完整的纺纱、织布、印染、色布、牛仔、家纺毛巾、服装、产业用布等一系列产业链，发展成为全国最具影响力的棉纺织面料生产基地之一，纯棉弹力休闲面料产量居全国前列。截至2021年，当地年产3.5亿米牛仔布，产量居全国之首，各类毛巾总产量居全国同级县市前列，被称为“中国织造名城”“中国纺织产业基地市”。
“纺织业是兰溪传统支柱产业，密山棉毯印证了兰溪纺织业的悠久历史、精湛技艺和重要地位，与兰溪打造‘智能织造示范地’的战略目标高度契合。此次密山棉毯展出及后续研讨，将进一步增强兰溪人的历史自信和文化自信，为兰溪纺织业更好更快发展提供文化支撑、凝聚思想共识，坚定再创辉煌的信心和决心。”戴翀说。(完)
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎） [责编：天天中] 阅读剩余全文（）  视觉焦点
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